Friday, January 4, 2013

Wheatstone Bridge Principle


Wheatstone Bridge Principle states the if four resistance P, Q, R and S are arranged to form a bridge as shown in figure with a cell E and one key K1 between the point A and C and galvanometer G and tapping key K2 between the points B and D, closing K1 first and K2 later on, if the galvanometer shows no deflection then bridge is balanced.


Current distribution in the circuit is shown in the figure. Total current by cell is I, it distributed to P and S as I1 and I-I1. Let current through galvanometer is Ig.

Current in Q is I1-Ig and in S current are I-I1+Ig. Resistance of galvanometer is G.

Now apply Kirchhoff’s 2nd law in ABDA, we get   

I1P +Ig G – (I-I1) R=0                                                                 …..…1

Now apply Kirchhoff’s 2nd law in BCDB, we get  

(I1 –Ig) Q – (I-I1+Ig) S – Ig G = 0                                                 …….2

If value of R is such that the galvanometer shows no deflection that is Ig = 0. Putting this value in equation 1 and 2 we get
This last equation relating the four resistors is called the balance condition for the galvanometer to give zero or null deflection.

A practical device using this principle is called the meter bridge.

12 comments:

  1. sir, your notes are still helping. i am doing aerospace engineering from amity university. URVASHI PUNDIR

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    Replies
    1. oohh...that is really very nice ....Aerospace Engineering was my dream.....good...keep doing good work.

      Regards
      DMR

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    2. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  2. Sir, could you explain How is the Wheatstone principle used in a meter bridge to find out an unknown resistance? Your notes were very helpful though. I'm doing 10th Grade CBSE. Please help ASAP. :)

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    Replies
    1. Hi Mohit,

      Please refer this link:

      http://dmr-physicsnotes.blogspot.in/2013/01/slide-wire-bridge-or-meter-bridge.html

      Regards
      DMR

      Delete
  3. Wheastone Bridge, app for calculation of the Rx resistance of a Wheatstone bridge
    https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fjapps.juank.classwheastone&hl=en

    ReplyDelete
  4. Sir u r too good at teaching by the looks of it ����

    ReplyDelete
  5. Sir could you tell me all the names of important deeivations of class 12 physics plz

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  8. Explain the uses of wheat stone bridge in detail .

    ReplyDelete